There are many such settings, and no changing this setting will not cause the start menu items to change...
Anyhow, taking Japanese, so have things configured for dual language support in both English and Japanese... Hadn't changed that option in particular, but had changed most others. Things pretty much appear in English. I tried changing the above mentioned for kicks and giggles (though I didn't reboot, and it didn't request one for that setting). It changed the display on the clock, but not on the start menu or in already installed software...